The most intractable thing in the semiconductor circle is that Moore's Law is coming to an end. Researchers have to look for alternatives to silicon to improve the performance of semiconductors. Carbon nanotubes are considered one of the most promising materials to replace silicon. Recently, the University of Wisconsin-Madison has made a leap breakthrough in the research and development of this material. Its materials scientists successfully developed 1-inch-sized carbon nano-transistors and for the first time surpassed the performance of silicon transistors and Gallium arsenide transistor. As its name implies, carbon nanotubes are made of carbon nanotubes as a channel conductive material made of transistors, the wall is only one atom thick, this material not only good conductivity, and the volume can be done than the current silicon transistor 100 times . In addition, the tiny space of a carbon nanotube enables it to rapidly change the direction of the current flowing through it, resulting in up to five times the speed or energy consumption of a silicon transistor of 1/5 of a silicon transistor. However, because of the bottleneck of technology, for a long time, researchers have not been able to develop carbon nanocrystal transistors that outperform silicon and gallium arsenide transistors, let alone their applications in various types of electronic devices. It is understood that, according to the traditional practice, carbon nanotubes are usually mixed with some metal nanotubes, but these metal nanotubes can cause electronic devices short circuit, thus undermining the conductivity of carbon nanotubes. This time, researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison opened a new trail by using polymer to replace almost all metal nanotubes and reducing metal nanotubes to less than 0.01%, which greatly enhanced their conductivity. In addition to this, the research team has also made improvements in the process, and the dissolution method developed by them successfully removes the residue generated during the manufacturing of carbon nanotubes. Mike Arnold, a professor of materials engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, said: "Our research also overcomes the multiple barriers that carbon nanotubes face and ultimately results in a 1-inch carbon nanotube with the first ultra-performance silicon transistor. Still to be realized, but we finally managed to catch up in 20 years. " So the question is, who will become the next generation of graphene and carbon nanotubes?